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TRUU HS 26:01 (Citron Cookies)
Charge: 2025-524
TRUU HS 21:01 (Mandarin Soda)
Charge: 2025-532
Pinen
Pinen wirkt bronchodilatorisch¹
1.Falk, AA et al. Uptake, distribution and elimination of alpha-pinene in man after exposure by inhalation. Scand J Work Environ Health 16: 372–378 (1990)
Nerolidol
Nerolidol wirkt beruhigend, muskelrelaxierend² und antioxidativ³
2.Binet L et al. Recherches sur les proprietes pharmcodynamiques (action sedative et action spasmolytique) de quelques alcools terpeniques aliphatiques. Ann Pharm Fr 30: 611–616 (1972). (Präklinik)
3.Nogueira Neto JD et al. Antioxidant Effects of Nerolidol in Mice Hippocampus After Open Field Test. Neurochem Res 38: 1861–1870 (2013). (Präklinik)
Farnesen
Farnesen wirkt antioxidativ⁴
4.Turkez, H et al. Neuroprotective Effects of Farnesene Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Neurotoxicity In vitro. Cell Mol Neurobiol 34, 101–111 (2014). (Präklinik)
Isopulegol
Isopulegol wirkt angstlösend⁵, muskelrelaxierend⁶ und entzündungshemmend⁷.
5.Silva MI et al. Central nervous system activity of acute administration of isopulegol in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 88:141-7 (2007). (Präklinik)
6.Silva MI et al. Effects of isopulegol on pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in mice. Fitoterapia,80:506-513 (2009). (Präklinik)
7.Bounihi A et al. In Vivo Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Melissa officinalis L. Essential Oil. Adv Pharmacol Sci. (2013). (Präklinik)
Limonen
Limonen wirkt stimmungsaufhellend⁸ und angstlösend⁹ und ist verantwortlich für das beliebte Zitronenaroma
8.Komori T et al. Effects of citrus fragrance on immune function and depressive states. Neuroimmunomodulation 2: 174–180 (1995).
9.Carvalho-Freitas MI and Costa M. Anxiolytic and sedative effects of extracts and essential oil from Citrus aurantium L. Biol Pharm Bull 25: 1629–1633 (2002). (Präklinik)
Delta-3-Caren
Delta-3-Caren wirkt schmerzlindernd, entzündungshemmend¹⁰ und kann die Knochenheilung unterstützen.¹¹
10.Huang, X. L. et al. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of active ingredients in the essential oils from Gynura procumbens, a traditional medicine and a new and popular food material. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 239, 111916. (2019). (Präklinik)
11.Jeong, J. G. et al. Low concentration of 3-carene stimulates the differentiation of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 cells. Phytotherapy research: PTR, 22(1), 18–22. (2008). (Präklinik)
ß-Myrcen
ß-Myrcen wirkt entspannend¹², schmerzlindernd und entzündungshemmend¹³
12.do Vale TG et al. Central effects of citral, myrcene and limonene, constituents of essential oil chemotypes from Lippia alba (Mill.) n.e. Brown. Phytomed 9: 709–714 (2002). (Präklinik)
13.Lorenzetti BB et al. Myrcene mimics the peripheral analgesic activity of lemongrass tea. J Ethnopharmacol 34: 43–48 (1991). (Präklinik)
α-Humulen
α-Humulen wirkt entzündungshemmend¹⁴
14.Fernandes, ES et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of compounds alphahumulene and (−)-trans-caryophyllene isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 569(3): 228-236 (2007). (Präklinik)
Germacrene
Germacrene wirkt entzündungshemmend¹⁵ und antikarzinogen¹⁶
15.Reyes-Pèrez V et al. Anti-inflammatory and anti-allodynic activities in mice of the essential oil and desmethylisoencecalin from Zinnia grandiflora Nuttall. J Essent Oil Res 34(6): 490-501 (2022).
16.Cao et al. Study on anticancer effect of synthetic biogenic source of Germacrene A. J drug deliv ther 8(5):421-429 (2018).
ß-Caryophyllen
ß-Caryophyllen aktiviert den CB2-Rezeptor¹⁷ und wirkt schmerzlindernd und entzündungshemmend¹⁸
17.Gertsch J et al. Beta-caryophyllene is a dietary cannabinoid. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 105: 9099–9104 (2008). (Präklinik)
18.Esraa A et al. β-Caryophyllene, a CB2-Receptor-Selective Phytocannabinoid, Suppresses Mechanical Allodynia in a Mouse Model of Antiretroviral-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Molecules 25: 1–20 (2020). (Präklinik)
Trans-Caryophyllen
Trans-Caryophyllen wirkt entzündungshemmend¹⁴
14.Fernandes, ES et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of compounds alphahumulene and (−)-trans-caryophyllene isolated from the essential oil of Cordia verbenacea. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 569(3): 228-236 (2007). (Präklinik)
Linalool
Linalool wirkt schmerzlindernd¹⁹, beruhigend²⁰ und angstlösend²¹
19.Peana AT, et al. Involvement of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in (-)-linalool-induced antinociception. Life Sci 78: 2471–2474 (2006).
20.Buchbauer G et al. Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative eff ects upon inhalation. J Pharm Sci 82: 660–664 (1993).
21.Russo EB. Handbook of Psychotropic Herbs: A Scientific Analysis of Herbal Remedies for Psychiatric Conditions. Haworth Press: Binghamton, NY (2001).
Terpinolen
Terpinolen wirkt angstlösend und stimmungsaufhellend²²
22.Arpornchayanon, W. et al. Acute effects of essential oil blend containing phlai oil on mood among healthy male volunteers: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of complementary & integrative medicine, 17(2) (2019).
Ocimen
Ocimen wirkt entzündungshemmend und schmerzlindernd²³
23.Kim, M et al. Chemical composition and anti-inflammation activity of essential oils from Citrus unshiu flower. Natural product communications, 9(5), 727–730. (2014).
α-Bisabolol
α-Bisabolol wirkt entzündungshemmend²⁴
24. Kamatou GPP et al. A Review of the Application and Pharmacological Properties of α-Bisabolol and α-Bisabolol-Rich Oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 87, 1–7 (2010).
1. Serpell M et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study of THC/CBD spray in peripheral neuropathic pain treatment. Euro J Pain 18(7):999-1012. (2014)
2. Markovà J et al. Sativex as Add on therapy vs. Further optimized first line ANTispastics (SAVANT) in resistant multiple sclerosis spasticity:
a double blind, placebo controlled randomized clinical trial. Int J Neurosci. (2018)
3. Aviram J et al. Short-Term Medical Cannabis Treatment Regimens Produced Beneficial Effects among Palliative Cancer Patients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel).13(12):435. (2020)
4. Liang AL et al. Medical Cannabis for Gynecologic Pain Conditions: A Systematic Review. Obstet Gynecol. Feb 1;139(2):287-296. (2022) (Review)
5. Schräder NHB et al. Combined tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol to treat pain in epidermolysis bullosa: a report of three cases. Br J Dermatol 180(4):922-924. (2019)
6. Lakhan SE, Rowland M. Whole plant cannabis extracts in the treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. BMC Neurol. 9(59) (2009).
7. Freeman RM et al. The effect of cannabis on urge incontinence in patients with multiple sclerosis : a multicentre,
randomised placebo controlled trial (CAMS LLUTS) Int Urogynecol J 17: 636 641. (2006)
8. Ruth EC et al. Cannabinoids in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A randomised-controlled trial, European Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 795-808. (2017)
9. Saft C et al. Cannabinoids for Treatment of Dystonia in Huntington‘s Disease. J Huntingtons Dis.;7(2):167-173. (2018)
10. Walsh JH et al. Treating insomnia symptoms with medicinal cannabis: a randomized, crossover trial of the efficacy of a cannabinoid medicine compared with placebo, Sleep, 44, 11. (2021)
11. Narang S et al. Efficacy of dronabinol as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pain patients on opioid therapy. J Pain 9(3): 254 – 264. (2008)
12. Price RL et al. The Efficacy of Cannabis in Reducing Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Global Spine J. 12(2): 343-352. (2022)
13. Wendelmuth C et al. Dronabinol in geriatric pain and palliative care patients: a retrospective evaluation of statutory-health-insurance-covered outpatient medical treatment.
Schmerz 33(5): 384 – 391. (2019)
14. Weber J et al. Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) treatment in chronic central neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia patients: results of a multicenter survey. Anesthesiol Res Pract. (2009)
15. Wilson MM et al. Anorexia of aging in long-term care: is dronabinol an effective appetite stimulant? A pilot study. J Nutr, Health Aging 11(2). (2007)
16. Walsh D et al. The efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of dronabinol in cancer- related anorexia: a case series. J Pain and Symptom Manage 30(6). (2005)
17. Brisbois TD et al. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol may palliate altered chemosensory perception in cancer patients: results of a randomized, double blind,
placebo-controlled pilot trial. Ann Oncol 22(9). (2011)
18. Likar R et al. Klinischer Einsatz von Cannabinoiden. Cannabinoids in clinical practice. J Palliat Med 18(05). (2017)
19. Müller- Vahl KR. Treatment of Tourette syndrome with cannabinoids. Behav Neurol 27(1). (2013)
20. Woodward MR et al. Dronabinol for the treatment of agitation and aggressive behavior in acutely hospitalized severely demented patients with noncognitive behavioral symptoms.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 22(4). (2014)
21. Roitman P et al. Preliminary, open-label, pilot study of add-on oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Clin Drug Investig 34(8). (2014)
22. Irving, PM et al. A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Pilot Study of Cannabidiol-rich Botanical Extract in the Symptomatic Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.
Inflamm Bowel Dis 24:714–724 (2018).
23. Wright M et al. Use of Cannabidiol for the treatment of anxiety: a short synthesis of pre-Clinical and clinical evidence. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 5(3):191-196 (2020).
24. Fleury-Teixeira P et al. Effects of CBD-enriched cannabis sativa extract on autism spectrum disorder symptoms: an observational study of 18 participants undergoing compassionate use.
Front Neurol 10:1145 (2019).
25. Leehey MA et al. Safety and Tolerability of Cannabidiol in Parkinson Disease: An open Label, Dose Escalation Study. Cannabis and Cannabionoide Res 5(4):326-336 (2020)
